What Is Married Filing Separately?

Married Filing Separately (MFS) means each spouse files their own tax return with only their own income and deductions. This status usually results in a higher tax bill — many credits and deductions phase out or disappear entirely. However, it can make sense when one spouse has large medical expenses, student loan payments tied to income, or concerns about their partner's tax situation. You can't claim the Earned Income Credit or most education credits when filing separately. Talk to a tax professional before choosing this status.