Yes — you can claim Head of Household filing status even if your qualifying person (like a parent) doesn't live with you, as long as you pay more than half the cost of maintaining their main home. If you pay your parent's rent or the majority of costs for the home they live in, and your parent qualifies as your dependent, you can use the Head of Household filing status. This is one of the few cases where Head of Household doesn't require the qualifying person to live in your own home. The filing status gives you a higher standard deduction and more favorable tax brackets than filing as single.